In March, 2002, when WHO adopted a Gender Policy, the Director General of the Organization remarked that to not study the influence of gender on health would be bad science, given the many crucial ways in which gender influences the health of individuals and populations. The importance of gender as a determinant of health seems to be still not apparent to everyone. Too often, it seems that when the topic of gender comes up, a certain segment of the profession feels that those focused on saving lives cannot afford to waste time on such superfluous matters. Others seem to think that more than enough attention is paid to gender because there is so much emphasis on maternal health. The point of this presentation is to introduce to everyone why gender matters in all dimensions of health, and why an awareness of this is vital if effective health work is to be done at all. It tries to do so with concrete examples, as clearly and comprehensibly as possible.
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This presentation shows how gender refers to society ascribes meaning to what it means to be a man or a woman in that society. Gender is ascribing differential value to what male and what is female. Gender goes beyond the binaries of male and female to include other sexualities. Gender is different from ‘sex’ which refers to the biological differences.
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Intersectionality is a feminist critique against using gender, class and ethnicity as single analytic categories. It recognises that these social divisions are mutually modifying and reinforcing. Social categories of interest may include gender, race, ethnicity, religious affiliation, sexual orientation etc An intersectionality approach recognises that forms of difference that may seem separate at first are in fact ‘lived relationally’ (Moore, 1994). The approach looks at the ‘connection between aspects of identity’ that combined together will lead to different types of advantages and disadvantages that often ‘compound on each other and that are inseparable’ (Pru Goward 2002)
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Women and men differ in relation to the physical spaces they occupy, the tasks and activities they perform and the people they interact with.
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Health is a socially constructed reality, a product of the physical and social environment in which we live and act. Differences in people’s health status, including those by gender, arise not only from biological differences but also as a consequence of differentials in social and economic status.
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Masculinity has been defined in multiple ways that manhood is socially defined across historical and cultural contexts and the power differences which exist between different versions of manhood. Masculinity is thus different from being a male.
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Gender-based violence, that is, violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately. It includes acts that inflict physical, mental or sexual harm or suffering, threats of such acts, coercion and other deprivations of liberty. (Convention against all forms of discrimination against women-CEDAW)
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This presentation is on gender, human rights and medical ethics.
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This presentation covers topics such as morality and ethics, ethics principles, needs, rights & duties, doctor-patient relationship, patients’ rights and empowerment
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This presentation covers the concept of doctor patient relationship
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This presentation shows the gender perspectives and contraceptive rights of women
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The aim of this presentation is to recognize gender differences in the impact of routine healthcare. To develop check lists for health problems/conditions that integrate gender and rights perspectives [gender-sensitive & client-centered].
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Integrating gender into pre-service training curricula for health professionals is key to gender mainstreaming in health. This presentation starts with an overview of interventions from different parts of the world for gender mainstreaming pre-service curricula of health professionals. Focuses on the core competencies for integrating gender into undergraduate medical curriculum in three sites: USA, Philippines and Thailand.
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This is a presentation on Hysterectomies
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Presentation on Burns cases
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This presentation aims to understand what are the legal issues in medical examination of a child with sexual abuse. To understand what is the evidence to be collected depending on the nature of assault. To know what constitutes medical opinion & why? To know the solutions for FAQs (frequently asked questions) during medical examination of CSA.
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Presentation on Poisoning
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Can you force a medical examination on the Accused of a Sexual Assault? Is it relevant to document the POTENCY of the Accused?
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Presentation on dying declaration
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Health is a socially constructed reality, a product of the physical and social environment in which we live and act. Differences in people’s health status, including those by gender, arise not only from biological differences but also as a consequence of differentials in social and economic status.
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The workshops was organized for the GME faculty on January 18 & 19, 2016. The main objective of the workshop was to orient the faculty to the proposed interventions, To share the finalized gender- integrated modules, to acquaint them the tools for process documentation and to develop the timeline for the intervention.
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The workshops was organized for the GME faculty on January 18 & 19, 2016. The main objective of the workshop was to orient the faculty to the proposed interventions, To share the finalized gender- integrated modules, to acquaint them the tools for process documentation and to develop the timeline for the intervention.
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The workshops was organized for the GME faculty on January 18 & 19, 2016. The main objective of the workshop was to orient the faculty to the proposed interventions, To share the finalized gender- integrated modules, to acquaint them the tools for process documentation and to develop the timeline for the intervention.
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Health is a state of physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO). Women’s and men’s well-being is determined by social, political and economic factors that shape their lives, as well as by their biological condition. Biological differences between women and men – that is differences related to their sex – affect their vulnerability to illness or disease. Differences in the roles, resources and status of women compared to men interact with biology to increase or decrease this vulnerability. These gender differences also affect access to health knowledge, self-perceptions of health needs and the ability to access services. Gender inequalities in the preconditions for health and in health information and services produce inequalities in health outcomes. In order to understand and address the health needs and priorities of women and men gender analysis must be integrated into health research and the design, implementation and monitoring of health services. This handout introduces us to certain basic concepts of SEX, GENDER and gender analysis.
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This paper shows sex differences in different parameters by background characteristics, Bihar, 2005-06. First table shows the neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality rates for the 10-year period. Second table shows percentage of children age 12-23 months who received specific vaccines at any time before the survey (according to a vaccination card or the mother’s report). Third table shows the percentage of children under age five years classified as malnourished according to three anthropometric indices of nutritional status: height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age.
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Social justice is based on the idea that all members of society have an equal access to the various features, benefits and opportunities of that society regardless of their position or station in life . However, in reality we know that people face ‘discrimination.’ Discrimination refers to the process by which members of a socially defined group are treated differently (especially unfairly) because of their membership of that group. This unfair treatment arises from socially derived beliefs each group holds about the other and patterns of dominance and oppression, viewed as expressions of a struggle for power and privilege.
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The main objective of Power Walk Tool is to explain the concept of Intersectionality and to explain the various axis of power. The Power Walk is a very strong tool in explaining the concept of Intersectionality. Since the participants are expected to enter into the roles of various characters, they are able to experience various privileges as well as disadvantages based on Gender, Caste, Class and Community.
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Gender Analysis of a Health Problem: the impact of different characteristics of gender on men and women’s health
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This is a handout for spider web exercise.
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This paper consist a series of case studies on sexuality. These cases were discussed with the participants in the workshop and their views were analysed.
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This handout consist of the WHO's working definitions of sexuality and of sexual health.
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This case study contains questions for group discussion like what will happen to men and women if men start sharing housework and childcare? And what will happen in family and to man-woman relationship if men and women share equal income and property?
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This case study contains questions for group discussion like what will happen to men and women if men start sharing housework and childcare? And what will happen in family and man-woman relationship if men and women share equal and to man ncome and property?
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This case study contains questions for group discussion like what will happen to men and women if men start sharing housework and childcare? And what will happen in family and man-woman relationship if men and women share equal and to man ncome and property?
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This paper includes several case studies on gender-based violence against women and highlights the role of health care providers in such cases.
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Violence against women is a global public health problem of epidemic proportion, reruiring urgent action. Health-care providers are in a unique position to address the health and psychosocial needs of women who have experienced violence, provided certain minimum requirements are met.
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WHO's new clinical and policy guidelines on the health sector response to partner and sexual violence against women emphasize the urgent need to integrate these issues into clinical training to health care providers.
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In this infographic violence against women and its impact on their health has been presented.
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1 in 3 women throughout the world will experience physical and/or sexual violence by a partner or sexual violence by a non-partner.
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
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This paper is a transcript of audiotaped interaction between patients and family planning providers at an urban hospital in India. Providers included a female physician, an assistant female physician, 2 male junior doctors, and an ayah (helper). Striking is the irritable, impatient, non-empathic tone of the senior physician's interactions with both clients and assisting staff. Clients are repeatedly addressed with a Hindi term, "Rani," used by parents for their daughters. Several young mothers were exhorted to obtain immediate sexual sterilization, despite a lack of health indicators, and with no regard to their personal feelings on this issue or obstacles to the hospitalization required (e.g., a lack of alternate child care). In one instance, the physician expressed the seemingly delusional belief that a patient was purposively trying to cheat her out of her government incentive by declining immediate sterilization. Clients are told to "shut up," and shouted at for complaining about the long wait or asking too many questions. This clinic was observed by the author as part of field work for a dissertation on reproductive choice in South Asia.
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The Patients’ Rights Charter of South Africa is a charter of the National Department of Health that promotes and protects your rights as a patient in the health care sector. The charter has been around since 1999 and tells you what your rights and responsibilities are as a patient when you go for treatment and medication at health facilities. During apartheid people may have been treated badly at hospitals and clinics. The Patients’ Rights Charter reminds us to be respectful towards one another as nurses, doctors and patients at hospitals and clinics.
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This is a case study on Sadhavis, Sexuality and Societal Morality
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This paper contains a few case studies on abortion. It also discusses issues like sexual and reproductive health rights of women
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This paper contains set of questions on abortion and sexual and reproductive health rights of women.
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The decline in child sex ratio (0-6 years) from 945 in 1991 to 927 in 2001 and further to 914 females per 1,000 males in 2011 — the lowest since independence — is cause for alarm, but also occasion for serious policy re-think. Over the last two decades, the rate of decline appears to have slowed but what began as an urban phenomenon has spread to rural areas. This is despite legal provisions, incentive-based schemes, and media messages. Indians across the country, bridging class and caste divides, are deliberately ensuring that girls are simply not born. This artificial alteration of our demographic landscape has implications for not only gender justice and equality but also social violence, human development and democracy.
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There can be little quarrel with the argument that India requires a comprehensive policy to prevent sex selection as put forward by National Advisory Council members Farah Naqvi and A.K. Shiva Kumar in The Hindu (“India & the sex selection conundrum,” January 24, 2012). That the use of sex selection technologies to abort female foetuses is linked to the increasing devaluation and disempowerment of women is well known.
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This paper contains a few case studies on abortion. It also discusses issues like sexual and reproductive health rights of women.
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The main objective of Power Walk Tool is to explain the concept of Intersectionality and to explain the various axis of power. The Power Walk is a very strong tool in explaining the concept of Intersectionality. Since the participants are expected to enter into the roles of various characters, they are able to experience various privileges as well as disadvantages based on Gender, Caste, Class and Community.
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The box below gives the WHO recommendations on the provision of rights-based contraceptive services based on the nine key human rights principles and standards
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This handout is made for group work. All the participants are divided in groups. Each group will be working on one of the following situations, and developing a checklist for examining and advising the patient.
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A list of some gender competencies (i.e. specific learning objectives for including a gender perspective) that could be expected as the outcome of gender mainstreaming are given below. a) Select a topic/area in your curriculum that could benefit from a gender perspective b) Select one competency each in knowledge, behaviour and skills from the examples given below (or any other, as you wish) c) In the grid provided, • Describe how a given topic will be dealt with so that each of the specific learning objectives will be achieved • Describe how you will evaluate the student to assess whether the specific learning objective has been achieved, giving specific examples
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A gender-competent physician will: • Demonstrate an understanding of basic gender concepts: gender power relations, gender roles, access and control, manifestations of gender bias, gender equity and equality and of gender as one of the many social determinants of health. • Be able to explain sex and gender differences in normal development, health and illness (psychopathology and pathophysiology) as they apply to prevention and management of health problems. • Effectively communicate with patients, demonstrating awareness of the doctor–patient power differential and gender and cultural differences. This will be demonstrated, for example, through use of language by the provider in a way that minimizes power imbalances, validates patient experiences and minimizes gender stereotypes. • Perform sex and age appropriate and culturally sensitive physical examination • Discuss the impact of gender-based societal and cultural roles and beliefs on health and healthcare of patients. • Discuss the impact of gender-based societal and cultural roles and beliefs on the health and well-being of care providers. • Identify and assist victims of gender-based violence and abuse. • Assess and counsel patients for sex and gender-appropriate reduction of risk, including life-style changes and genetic testing. • Assess and critically evaluate new information through a “gender lens”: identifying gender biases and gaps; and adopt best practices that incorporate knowledge of sex and gender differences in health and disease. • Demonstrate understanding of the differential impact by gender of health care systems (e.g. the way they are organized and financed) on populations and individuals receiving health care.
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